Analysis of household energy sources and woodfuel utilisation technologies in Kiambu, Thika and Maragwa districts of Central Kenya

Abstract

This study was carried out in Kiambu, Thika and Maragwa districts of Central Kenya. Its objective was to analyze household energy sources and utilization technologies used. Primary data was collected from households using structured and non structured questionnaires. Trees on farm were found to be the major supply of the woodfuel energy where firewood was the main source of household energy followed by charcoal. Traditional three stones stoves were the most commonly used with 76 59 and 65 (household respondents) in Kiambu, Thika and Maragwa districts respectively. Improved charcoal stoves were the second commonly used while only a very negligible percentage used kerosene stoves and gas burners. Over 70% of the respondents were aware of the improved stoves but their adoption was less than 29%. The low adoption of improved stoves was due to their high cost as noted by the respondents. Over 90% of the households had the opinion that woodfuel sources were decreasing and there was a need to develop strategies for its future sustainability. The study recommended integration of woodfuel production to local farming systems and establishment of fuelwood plantations by Kenya Forest Service to substitute on farm sources. It also recommended promotion of improved stoves with higher efficiency to reduce the woodfuel used as well as improve on environmental pollution.