The potential economic contribution of biodiversity resources in Kenya: a review of International trade opprtunities from trade in prunus bark; proceedings of Moi University 7th Annual International conference.

Abstract

Prunus africana is one the two African species in the genus Prunus that is widespread in the Afromontane forests of Africa whose healing property was discovered 400 years ago. The bark extracts is used to prevent the development of prostrate cancer common to men of above 60 years. Annual annual bark export trade from Africa was estimated at between 3,200 to 4,900 metric tonnes by 1998 and over the counter products are estimated at KShs 16.7 billion ($220 million). The trade in Prunus bark is regulated by Convention on Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) that only allow countries to export set quotas that will not adversely affect the species population dynamics. KEFRI initiated a study to review the status and potential opportunities for Kenya to trade in Prunus bark in the international market in 2009. The findings indicate that the species grows on the major forest blocks including the Aberdares, Mt Kenya, Mt Elgon, Cherangani Hills, Timboroa, Nandi Forests, Taita Hills, Chyulu Hills, Tugen and Nyiro (Marsabit) hills, Kakamega Forests and the Mau ranges. The survey showed that the bark is widely used by local communities and herbalists for treatments of various ailments and a licensed exporter exported 250 tonnes annually valued at Ksh 1.2 billion till 2003 when the government imposed a ban. The ban didn't elicit lots of attention in the country despite its enormous economic potential because little was known on its importance beyond corridors of KWS and licensed agent. Farmers were paid US$2 per of bark delivered to licensed exporter in 1999 in cases were farm clearing was being undertaken. The bark export from Kenya was purely unprocessed the only value addition was air-drying. However, with appropriate policy framework there are opportunities for sustainable growing, harvesting, processing of Prunus africana to conserve the environment and diversify the country's export portfolio and improve balance of payment in line with Vision 2030. The trade business has potential to generate in excess of Kshs 3 billion per year while contributing environmental sustainability and amelioration of climate change effects.