Improved utilisation of Neem (Azadirachta indica) for carving by the Akamba co-operative society

Abstract

The Akamba handicraft Co-operative Society is one of nine wood carving centres that are members of the Kenya Crafts Co-operative Union (KCCU). One of the most important and widely available species used by the carvers at this centre is ‘neem’ (Azadirachta indica). The tree grows extensively around Mombasa and has the advantage that it widely available and fast growing as compared to the indigenous hardwoods, which are now in short supply due to over exploitation. A valuable overseas market for neem carvings has been developed over recent years with considerable potential for growth. There is general agreement amongst carvers that neem is an acceptable wood suitable for carving, and the ability to produce quality products in terms of design and finish is much in evidence. The two most important (and serious) problems associated with this wood are, firstly, cracking and checking of neem wood during various stages of carving and in the finished product, and secondly, the growth of mould1 on finished products. Both these problems are moisture related, in the first, generally associated with too rapid drying, and in the second, with insufficient drying to below a certain moisture content. The bulk of this consultancy concerned itself with addressing these two problems. A solution to the problem for controlling the growth of mould is considered to be relatively straightforward. The use of certain fungicides has been proposed to help eradicate these moulds. However, it is proposed that their effects and interactions with stains and finishes be tested and that clear health and safety guidelines be developed on their use and application. Controlling, checks, splits, and shakes2 will require considerably more effort, the solution to this problem will be forthcoming only after a number of controlled experiments have been completed. The justification, benefits, and mechanism for establishing these experiments are detailed herein. It is pointed out that it is essential for the cooperative to take control of all issues affecting quality, but particularly the procurement and storage of neem wood. It should directly influence the selection of logs and stems and have complete control of the log yard. Stock control will foster quality control, and the benefits of increasing the value of stock will drive this process and directly improve the quality and value of finished products. Immediate and intermediate guidelines have been recommended to assist in minimizing the occurrence of cracks, other drying defects and controlling the growth of moulds.